Controller Development for an Automotive AC-system using R744 as Refrigerant
KARIM, S. AND TUMMESCHEIT H.
MARCH 3, 2008
Proceedings of the 6th International Modelica Conference
Bielefeld, Germany, pp. 477-485
Introduction
Under the Kyoto protocol agreement, by the year 2012, industrialized countries have to reduce their collective emissions of greenhouse gas 5% below their 1990 levels. Since the current refrigerant used in vehicles, R134a, has a GWP (Global Warming Potential) of 1410, R744 (CO2) technology has been proposed as a natural alternative to current R134a-based systems. The main benefits of R744 as a refrigerant are:
• Energy-efficient
• Non-toxic
• Non-flammable
• No ozone depletion potential (ODP=0)
• Low global warming potential (GWP=1)